Senomyx, Inc.
11099 North Torrey Pines Road
La Jolla, California 92037
U.S.A.
Telephone: (858) 646-8300
Fax: (858) 404-0752
Web site:
http://www.senomyx.com
Public Company
Incorporated: 1998 as Ambryx, Inc.
Employees: 93
Sales: $9.3 million (2005)
Stock Exchanges: NASDAQ
Ticker Symbol: SNMX
NAIC: 541710 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences
Senomyx, Inc., is a biotechnology company whose scientific work is applied to the biology of taste. The company uses genomics to develop novel flavors, flavor-enhancing compounds, and taste modulators for the packaged food and beverage industry, using its proprietary taste receptor-based assays for four of the five senses of taste: sweet, salt, bitter, and umami, the savory taste of glutamate. Senomyx conducts its research and development work under collaboration agreements with five of the largest packaged food and beverage companies: The Coca-Cola Company, Kraft Foods Global, Inc., Nestlé SA, Cadbury Schweppes PLC, and Campbell Soup Company. The company is responsible for the discovery, development, and regulatory approval phases of product development; its partners are responsible for manufacturing, marketing, selling, and distributing the consumer products containing Senomyx flavor ingredients.
ORIGINS
Unlike the vast majority of start-up biotechnology companies, Senomyx did not enter the pharmaceutical industry when it commenced operations in the late 1990s. Instead, the company entered the food industry, focusing its efforts on developing ingredients to improve the taste of food and beverages, make them healthier, and lower their production costs. Historically, the food industry's attempts to enhance flavor or to reduce unhealthy amounts of ingredients such as sugar, salt, and monosodium glutamate centered on developing artificial substitutes. The results frequently fell short of expectations, producing artificial flavors that failed to dupe taste buds or posed their own health risks. Senomyx approached the problem in a different way, using genomics as a way to understand the molecular mysteries of scent and taste. The scientific work undertaken by the company promised to alter the more than $1 trillion food industry, but, like biotechnology start-ups in the drug industry, Senomyx faced years of research and development work before it could hope to capitalize on the potential of its technology.
Senomyx began as a company named Ambryx, the creation of a group of distinguished scientists who based the start-up in La Jolla, California, the headquarters location for numerous biotechnology companies. The company was incorporated in September 1998 and commenced operations in January 1999, taking its mission from one of its principal founders, Lubert Stryer. A professor of neurobiology at Stanford University, Stryer became interested in the sense of smell roughly three years before cofounding Ambryx, inspired by the work of two colleagues who discovered a family of genes whose receptors for smell and taste were located at the base of the nose. Stryer, who remarked, "olfaction and taste are really the new frontier in neurobiology," in a December 27, 1999 interview with Forbes, launched his own investigation, researching the sense of smell in goldfish. During the course of his study, he perceived potential commercial applications of his work, not the first time he adopted an entrepreneurial posture with his scientific research. In 1993, Stryer cofounded Affymetrix to market a gene chip used to analyze DNA sequences. Stryer also had helped start Aurora Biosciences Corp., a company that screened vast numbers of potential drugs against disease targets. In founding Aurora Biosciences, Stryer was joined by Charles Zuker and Roger Tsien, two scientists who also helped Stryer form Ambryx. Zuker, a professor of biological sciences and neurobiology at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), discovered a number of the proteins that Ambryx would use to detect bitter and sweet tastes. Tsien was employed by UCSD as well, serving as a professor of pharmacology, chemistry, and biochemistry.
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