"White bread, bagels and rice 'increase the risk of lung cancer by 49%','' the Mail Online reports after a US study found a link between lung cancer and eating a diet with a high glycaemic index (GI), a measure of carbohydrate content.
The study included more than 4,000 white people from Texas, both people newly diagnosed with lung cancer and healthy controls.
The researchers assessed their diet to look at whether there was any link between their diagnosis and their intake of high-GI foods – typically, high-carbohydrate foods such as white bread, potatoes and rice.
Researchers found people in the highest (fifth) intake group for high-GI foods were about 49% more likely to have lung cancer than someone in the lowest (first) intake group.
But drawing any firm conclusions from this is difficult. There was no increased risk for anyone in the intermediate intake groups, and there is no information we can use to give an equivalent food intake.
This study was a cross-sectional assessment of diet in people who had already been diagnosed with lung cancer. We don't know whether this is a reliable indication of lifetime dietary patterns, so it can't prove cause and effect.
Overall, the possible link between carbohydrates and lung cancer needs further investigation to see whether there is a direct link and, if there is, find out the possible cause.
On its own, this study does not provide strong evidence that "carbs are the new cigarettes".
Where did the story come from?
The study was carried out by researchers from the University of Texas.
It was funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and the National Cancer Institute.
It was published in the peer-reviewed journal, Cancer Epidemiological Biomarkers Prevention.
While the Mail's reporting was broadly accurate, it would have benefited from considering some of the limitations of this research, which cannot prove carbohydrates directly cause lung cancer.
Connect With Us